Taxon:  Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.



Summary
Genus:
Echinochloa
Family:
Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Panicoideae
Tribe:
Paniceae
Subtribe:
Boivinellinae
Nomen number:
14823
Place of publication:
Ess. Agrostogr. 53, 161, 169, t. 11, fig. 2.  1812 "crus galli"
Comment:
  • combination made in index
  • allohexaploid (2n=54)
Verified:
03/05/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Reference(s)
  1. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
  3. Aoki, D. & H. Yamaguchi. 2008. Genetic relationship between Echinochloa crus-galli and Echinochloa oryzicola accessions inferred from internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast DNA sequences. Weed Biol. Managem. 8:233-242. Note: it supported Echinochloa oryzicola as paternal donor, but maternal one is unknown
  4. APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
  5. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
  6. Boulos, L. & M. N. El-Hadidi. 1984. The weeds of Egypt.
  7. Boulos, L. 1999-. Flora of Egypt
  8. Catasús Guerra, L. J. 2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1-163.
  9. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1968-1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables 3.1.
  10. Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 45. Note: lists as Echinochloa crusgalli
  11. Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France.
  12. Erhardt, W. et al. 2002. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage
  13. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  14. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
  15. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  16. Gould, F. W. et al. 1972. A revision of Echinochloa in the United States. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 87:53.
  17. Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
  18. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
  19. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
  20. International Development Consortium. Invasive species compendium (on-line resource).
  21. Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:97.
  22. Nozawa, S. et al. 2006. Difference in SSR variations between Japanese barnyard millet (Echinochloa esculenta) and its wild relative E. crus-galli. Breed. Sci. 56:335-340.
  23. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  24. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
  25. Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually).
  26. Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:129. Note: lists as"Echinochloa crusgalli"
  27. 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:126-127.
  28. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
  29. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952-. Flora of tropical East Africa.
  30. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
  31. Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
  32. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
  33. Webster, R. K. 1992. Compendium of rice diseases. The disease compendium series. 18.
  34. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). Note: = "Echinochloa crusgalli" with six varieties
  35. Yabuno, T. 1962. Cytotaxonomic studies on the two cultivated species and the wild relatives in the genus Echinochloa. Cytologia 27:296-305. Note: hexaploid populations of Echinochloa crus-galli considered wild forms of E. esculenta (as "E. utilis")
  36. Yabuno, T. 1987. Japanese barnyard millet (Echinochloa utilis, Poaceae) in Japan. Econ. Bot. 41:484-493. Note: proposed as progenitor of Echinochloa esculenta (as E. utilis)
  37. Yamaguchi, H. et al. 2005. A molecular phylogeny of wild and cultivated Echinochloa in East Asia inferred from non-coding region sequences of trnT-L-F. Weed Biol. Managem. 5:210-218. Note: The weed society of Japan
  38. Ye, C.-Y. et al. 2014. Echinochloa chloroplast genomes: Insights into the evolution and taxonomic identification of two weedy species. PLoS One 9(11): e113657. Note: identification of samples used for genome sequencing was based on morphology, cytology and a cp-marker (trnT-L-F); it detected genomic variation between Echinochloa crus-galli and E. oryzoides
  39. Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:217.
  40. 2018. Mid-Atlantic invasive plant species (on-line resource)
Common names
LANGUAGENAMEALTERNATE NAMENOTESEQCITATION
English barnyard grass 1 Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. 1999. World economic plants: a standard reference CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
English barnyard millet 1 Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English cocksfoot grass 1 Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English cockshin grass 1 Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English cockspur 1 Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
English cockspur grass 1 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
English cockspur-panic 1 Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English water grass 1 Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
English wild millet 1 Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
Arabic denieba 2 Boulos, L. 1999-. Flora of Egypt
English (Canada) barnyard grass Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada official name 2 Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 45. Note: lists as Echinochloa crusgalli
French echinochloa pied-de-coq 2 FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
French panic pied-de-coq 2 Demilly, D. et al. 2001. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7 GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France.
French pied de coq 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
French (Canada) échinochloa pied-de-coq Agriculture & Agroalimentaire Canada nom officiel 2 Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 45. Note: lists as Echinochloa crusgalli
German gewöhnliche Hühnerhirse 2 Erhardt, W. et al. 2002. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage
German Hühnerhirse 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
India sanwak 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish arrocillo 2 Catasús Guerra, L. J. 2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1-163.
Spanish pata de gallo 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish pie de gallina 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Spanish zacate de agua 2 Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
Swedish hönshirs 2 Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource)
Transcribed Korean pi 2 Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:97.
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationAstrakhan 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationKalmykia 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationSaratov 
1NativeEuropeEastern EuropeRussian FederationVolgograd 
4NaturalizedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
4NaturalizedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  
4NaturalizedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMozambique  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaEswatini  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
4NaturalizedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGuinea  
4NaturalizedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSenegal  
4NaturalizedAfricaWestern Indian OceanMadagascar  
4NaturalizedAfricaWestern Indian OceanMauritius  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaKorea  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaTaiwan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateChinaChina  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaUzbekistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentBangladesh  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentBhutan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentNepal  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaCambodia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaLaos  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaVietnam  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeBelarus  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeEstonia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEastern EuropeUkraine  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Mexico  
4NaturalizedNorthern America North America  
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificU.S. Outlying IslandsJohnston Atoll 
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificU.S. Outlying IslandsMidway Islands 
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
4NaturalizedPacificNorthwestern PacificMarshall Islands  
4NaturalizedPacificNorthwestern PacificMicronesia  
4NaturalizedPacificSouth-Central PacificFrench Polynesia  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificFiji  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificNew Caledonia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazil  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanWest Indies  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaNorthern South AmericaVenezuela  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaParaguay  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaUruguay  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaColombia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeru  
6Other    origin obscure, likely tropical Asia
Native
Europe
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Russian Federation [Astrakhan, Kalmykia, Saratov, Volgograd]
Naturalized
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Sudan
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Tanzania, Uganda
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Guinea, Senegal
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Eswatini, South Africa
  • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar, Mauritius
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Turkey
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Uzbekistan
  • CHINA: China
  • EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan, Taiwan
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan
  • INDO-CHINA: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
Europe
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Norway
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Switzerland, Netherlands
  • EASTERN EUROPE: Belarus, Estonia, Ukraine
Northern America
  • REGION: North America, Mexico
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: U.S. Outlying Islands [Johnston Atoll, Midway Islands], United States [Hawaii]
  • NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia, Marshall Islands
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: French Polynesia
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, New Caledonia
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: West Indies
  • NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela
  • BRAZIL: Brazil
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia, Peru
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay
Other (origin obscure, likely tropical Asia)
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Harmful organism hostcrop diseases Webster, R. K. 1992. Compendium of rice diseases. The disease compendium series. 18.
Weedpotential seed contaminant CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. 1968-1974. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables 3.1.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grinczech.vurv.cz/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=14823. Accessed 22 November 2024.