Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:83. 1753
Verified:
05/08/1992
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
- Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) www.skud.info
- Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. 1995. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. CRC Press. Note: Revised version of AH 170
- Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976-. Flora of Libya.
- APHIS. Agricultural Risk Management System United States Department of Agriculture.
- Arechavaleta, M. et al., coords. 2009. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
- Bor, N. L. 1960. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan.
- Boulos, L. & M. N. El-Hadidi. 1984. The weeds of Egypt.
- Boulos, L. 1995. Flora of Egypt checklist.
- Boulos, L. 1999-. Flora of Egypt
- CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
- Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous
- Darbyshire, S. J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 30.
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- Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12
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- International Seed Testing Association. 1982. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2.
- Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa Note: poisonous
- Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous
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- Personal Care Products Council. INCI
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Common names
English
English ryegrass – perennial ryegrass – Afrikaans
meerjarige raaigras – Arabic
gazun – English (Canada)
perennial rye grass – French
ivraie vivace – ray-grass anglais – French (Canada)
ivraie vivace – German
deutsches Weidelgras – englisches Raygras – Italian
loglio perenne – Japanese Rōmaji
hoso-mugi – Portuguese
azevém-vivaz – lólio-perenne – Spanish
ballico perenne – césped inglés – raygras – Swedish
engelskt rajgräs – Transcribed Chinese
hei mai cao – Transcribed Korean
homilpul –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | | | | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Madeira Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Spain | Canary Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Algeria | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Egypt | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Libya | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Tunisia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Saudi Arabia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Georgia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation | Dagestan | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Afghanistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Cyprus | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Egypt | Sinai | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iraq | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Israel | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Jordan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Lebanon | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Syria | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | | n.w. |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Moldova | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation | Astrakhan | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation | Kalmykia | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation | Saratov | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation | Volgograd | |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | s.w. |
1 | Native | Europe | Eastern Europe | Ukraine | | incl. Krym |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Czech Republic | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | incl. Crete |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | incl. Sardinia, Sicily |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Serbia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | incl. Corsica |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Azores | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Lesotho | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | British Indian Ocean Terr | Diego Garcia | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Mauritius | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Reunion | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | New Zealand | New Zealand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | | Canada | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | | Mexico | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | | United States | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | Greenland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | United States | Hawaii | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | New Caledonia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Brazil | Brazil | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | West Indies | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Costa Rica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Guatemala | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Honduras | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Central America | Panama | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Northern South America | French Guiana | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Argentina | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Chile | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Bolivia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Peru | | |
Native
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
-
ARABIAN PENINSULA:
Saudi Arabia
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan, Cyprus, Egypt [Sinai], Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India (n.w.), Pakistan
Europe
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
EASTERN EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part (s.w.)], Belarus, Moldova, Russian Federation [Kalmykia, Astrakhan, Saratov, Volgograd], Ukraine (incl. Krym)
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Serbia, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Portugal [Azores]
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Lesotho, South Africa
-
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN:
British Indian Ocean Terr [Diego Garcia], Mauritius, Reunion
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Northern America
-
SUBARCTIC AMERICA:
Greenland
-
REGION:
Canada, Mexico, United States
Pacific
-
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
United States [Hawaii]
-
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
New Caledonia
Southern America
-
CARIBBEAN:
West Indies
-
CENTRAL AMERICA:
Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama
-
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
French Guiana
-
BRAZIL:
Brazil
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Animal food | fodder | | Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. 1995. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. CRC Press. Note: Revised version of AH 170 |
Animal food | forage | | Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. 1995. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. CRC Press. Note: Revised version of AH 170 |
Environmental | erosion control | | University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource). |
Environmental | lawn/turf | used in mixtures for lawns | Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. 1995. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. CRC Press. Note: Revised version of AH 170 |
Environmental | ornamental | | Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds |
Environmental | soil improver | | University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource). |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Kingsbury, J. M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Kellerman, T. S. et al. 1988. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa Note: poisonous |
Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. 1998. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning Note: poisonous |
Weed | potential seed contaminant | | CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope |
Weed | potential seed contaminant | | Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds |
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2023. Germplasm Resources Information Network
(GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://grinczech.vurv.cz/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=22494.
Accessed 20 March 2023.